Virgin Blue Strategic Competitiveness

Chapter by chapter list Introduction Strategic Management and Strategic Competitiveness External Environment Internal Environment Business Level Strategies Conclusion Reference List Introduction Strategy is tied in with accomplishing upper hand. An organization can accomplish this by being extraordinary, conveying an interesting worth expansion to the client and by having a reasonable and institute capable perspective on the best way to situate itself particularly in the business. This exposition utilizes Virgin Blue as a contextual analysis to see whether it has effectively accomplished vital intensity in the Australian carrier industry. The I/O and the Returns-based models of better than expected returns are focal in order of outer and interior condition elements.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Virgin Blue Strategic Competitiveness explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Strategic Management and Strategic Competitiveness Strategic administration i s the methodical examination of the outside and inner condition to shape a premise of reexamining the current administration rehearses with the point of accomplishing better arrangement of corporate approaches and vital needs. Vital intensity is feasible when an organization details systems that give it an edge over its rivals. The methodology figured ought to be uncommon, that current and potential contenders can't copy since it is expensive, and in that way the firm accomplishes manageable upper hand. The 21st century serious scene is quickly changing a direct result of innovation and vulnerability. This implies supervisors need to receive better approaches for speculation. Directors need to esteem adaptability, advancement and speed in reacting to existing contenders and new participants to stay in business. These attributes may have influenced the section and endurance of Virgin Blue into the Australian aircraft industry. So as to enter the market, Virgin Blue needed to present minimal effort and take measures to minimize the expenses and utilizing creative strategies of breaking new ground to stay inventive. Outer Environment External condition comprises of components outside the control of the firm that influence the capacity to fulfill client needs and that face the entire business. These components dependent on asset based model incorporate political, monetary, socio-social, mechanical, and lawful. They decide the laws to apply in running business, the monetary conditions that the firm should work in, the attributes of the market, and the innovation decides the manner in which the item ought to be (Millmore, 2007). On account of Virgin Blue, the financial part of outer condition can be considered to have pivotal significance. The rising fuel costs, expanding working expenses, and expanding terminal expenses are a portion of the monetary difficulties the Virgin Blue looked as it sought after its minimal effort administrations methodology. Moreover becau se of the monetary lull in 2008, Virgin Blue recorded lost $160 for the budgetary year 2008-2009. This misfortune more likely than not impacted how the firm was to be rushed to endure this period until the monetary recuperation time frame in 2010 when Virgin revealed a benefit of $21.3 million.Advertising Looking for report on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Internal Environment Internal condition incorporates components that are explicit to a firm and influence its capacity to meet client. Money related assets, hierarchical assets, physical assets and innovative assets are the unmistakable components considered to influence the inner condition of a firm in Resource-based model of better than expected returns. Then again, the impalpable components are HR, advancement assets, and reputational assets (Michael and Hitt, 2010). Virgin Blue being in the administration business relies more upon its immate rial assets. The cordial team has been referred to welcome travelers as young men and young ladies, engage them with awesome music on departure and landing, make jokes and read horoscopes in-flight. This great client connection improves client steadfastness subsequently empowering the firm to draw in new clients while holding the current ones. Monetarily the firm has had the option to reduce down expenses by the improved planning framework, self registration kiosk’s, redistributing of providing food, overseeing cooking wastage, support understandings and an eco-friendliness program (Carnal, 2007). Business Level Strategies Business level system is the procedure a firm picks so as to increase upper hand in the market or industry it works. This is basic when a firm works in an industry with exceptional rivalry like the one Virgin Blue works in. Directors in this way need to figure a system outfitted towards making and actualizing a technique that gives it the upper hand over di fferent players in the business (Christensen, 2006). There are five business level systems; cost authority, centered cost administration, separation and centered separation. Firms settle on a decision whether to be a cost chief which implies it will concentrate on seeking clients dependent on the evaluating while as yet having the option to report more than normal returns. Then again, an engaged cost pioneer implying that it won't just contend as far as cost yet additionally will section it and market its items to a specific market. On the hand, firms have a can separate items. Firms picking just to separate by giving one of a kind attributes and highlights do as such through excellent progressed mechanical highlights and client support. A firm that separates and picks a market fragment to give products and ventures utilizes centered separation (Hanson et al. 2011). Virgin Blue obviously from the national perspective has picked the cost administration methodology by conveying admini strations that are of worthy gauges to clients at a cost considered most minimal among the rivals in the Australian market.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Virgin Blue Strategic Competitiveness explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The firm has reduced down expenses and cut superfluous ones to accomplish its procedure. It has done as such by paying its staff not exactly Qantas, all in-flight dinners and diversion are given at a cost, re-appropriating cooking, overseeing providing food wastage and utilizing one kind of airplane. A cost administration system enables a firm to make due since it can stay beneficial even notwithstanding contention, new participants, suppliers’ power, substitute items, and buyers’ power (Bowles, 2011). End Virgin Blue has effectively accomplished key serious in the 8years it has been in the market. It has had the option to endure the monetary downturn in 2008-2009 and skip back to announcing benefits a yea r later in 2010 while as yet keeping up its cost administration procedure. Moreover Virgin has presented serious moves that incorporate the presentation of a continuous flier program, a part parlor, and fortifying showcasing and code offering collusions to global aircrafts and by so doing staying in the market when different carriers like Ansett went under (Beer, 1999). Reference List Beer, M. (1999). Readings in Human Resource Management. New York: Free Press. Bowles, M. (2011) External Environment. The Institute For Working Futures. Web. Accessible from:â http://www.marcbowles.com/publications.htmlâ . Animalistic, C. (2007) Managing Change in Organizations. Essex: Pearson Education. Christensen, R. (2006) Roadmap to Successful Strategic HR Management. New York: American Management Association.Advertising Searching for report on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Hanson, D. et al. (2011) Strategic Management: Competitiveness and Globalization. Southbank, Victoria: Cengage. Michael A. Hitt, R. D. (2010) Strategic Management: Competitive and Globalization , Concepts. London: Wiley. Millmore, M. (2007) Strategic Human Resource Management: Contemporary Issues. Essex: Pearson Education. This report on Virgin Blue Strategic Competitiveness was composed and put together by client Jayla Rich to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Fashion Existing Online Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design Existing Online - Case Study Example The paper Design Existing Online discusses the style that exists on the web. All together for the organization to effective in this serious market of design, it has focused on specific market and potential clients around the world. The focused on client by MO is ladies who love style and are eager to follow through on enough and in full cost for sumptuous shoes, garments and embellishments. The organization targets explicit client; a client who will have the option to manage the cost of architect looks directly off the runway and who is design sufficiently cognizant to purchasing the garments. The organization has just focused on 80% of American who are customers in New York, outside New York and Florida, whereby the company’s beginning clients were their own system and clients alluded by the system (Mukti, 2014). The organization is still low on track advertises that they know to be greatest extravagance markets; despite the fact that it ships it’s great to in excess o f 150 nations. They have focused on the European, Asian and Middle East markets as they are becoming quick. Satisfaction eService for Moda Operandi can plug into its business framework so as to screen the orders’ status and track conveyances. For Moda Operandi, it permits its clients to preorder restrictive originator looks that are prepared to wear styles, purses, shoes, and frill in online architect trunk-appears. With numerous fashioner items starting in Europe, Middle East and Asia, the organization re-appropriates satisfaction so as to support client; hence making generous money related investment funds.

International Human Rights and Law

Question: Talk about theInternational Human Rights and Law. Answer: Presentation: The United Nations Human Rights Council is a piece of the United Nations System of intergovernmental body. The Human Rights Council succeeds the United Nations Commission of Human Rights. UNHRC actualizes and guarantees the consistence of the laws in regards to Rights (Un.org, 2016). In any case, be it the numbness of the mass or the immense territory of rights and laws included under the name Human Rights that the rights are frequently questioned and misjudged; what sort of rights are depicted as human rights and which are the rights that pull in more prominent assurance and regard? The disarray and debates are frequently among common and political rights and social and monetary rights? Be that as it may, it is hard to choose and segregate among the rights; which rights are significant and requests more regard and unique thoughtfulness regarding be executed and followed. The UN Human Rights Council guarantees the consistence and execution of the lawful demonstrations guaranteeing th e Rights of in all the nations enrolled under the UN (Un.org, 2016). Notwithstanding, the inquiry is do the rights and terms coordinate with all the lawful and political constitutions of the nations enrolled? If not, for what reason may the nations be following or in any event, approving similar shows with the others? The accompanying paper follows the distinction between the political and established show of an individual state with the UN show and endeavors to discover the motivation behind why may certain states under the United Nation enrolled nations be hesitant to endorse global human rights show for example the annihilation show. Annihilation Convention give models that responds to the accompanying inquiry; Why may a state be hesitant to endorse universal Human Right Convention. Human Rights are, as the Equality and Human Rights Commission makes reference to in their site, the essential rights and opportunities that have a place with each individual on the planet, from birth til' the very end. They apply paying little heed to where you are from, what you accept or how you decide to carry on with your life. They can never be removed, despite the fact that they can some of the time be confined... (Equalityhumanrights.com, 2016). These essential rights are shaped on the fundamental estimations of fairness, poise, reasonable treatment, regard and freedom. UN enrolls nine center Human Rights show to guarantee the severe execution of the rights and the consistence of the laws; ICERD to dispense with all types of racial segregation, ICCPR to actualize the Civil and political Rights, ICESCR to execute the privileges of Economy, Society, and Culture, CEDAW to take out victimization ladies. In addition, there are CAT to wipe out barbaric treatment or discipline, CRC t o actualize the privileges of a kid, ICMW to execute the privileges of the vagrant laborers and their families , CPED to guarantee the insurance of all from upheld vanishing, and CRPD to execute the privileges of individuals with incapacities (Un.org, 2016). The Genocide Convention was embraced on 1948 with 21 Articles for an appropriate and firm execution of the show and proposed for mark and approval by the General Assembly and came into power from January 1950 (Un.org, 2016). Be that as it may, the principle question of the exposition comes in this; Why may a state be hesitant to approve with the UN Genocide Convention? . The explanation can be twofold. First and above all the Human Rights Convention will in general give to the mass a dreadfully huge measure of opportunity to practice with respect to their privileges in the state. The act of the rights gives the mass a huge control over the legislature that can result into extreme outcomes as far as the law and lawfulness (ohchr.org, 2016). All the more critically, when a state sanctions a settlement with the UN, the state consents to the legitimate commitment of executing the rights as perceived in the bargain. Through sanction, the state consents to apply the administrative and resi dential measure in consistence as the arrangement requests. Be that as it may, this can be tricky as far as following the National constitution acts to keep up the law. Besides, the States may fear the impedances of UN through the settlements (Donnelly, 2013). For instance, the US in present occasions has remained down from marking the Convention against Enforced Disappearance with the UN, which would forestall the kidnappings and mystery confinements by the state. As New Statesman focuses a plausible explanation of this may be the mystery jails run by CIA when the Convention was drafted. The US has even bombed o sign the Mine Ban bargain, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). An explanation might be the dread that the settlements may meddle with the national laws and sway to depend progressively on strategy and capacity to accomplish the international strategies in regards to Syria and Iran (Newstatesman.com, 2016). Destruction is a term that has been characterized strikingly in a few purposes of time. In its changed definition, destruction joins practically all worldwide groups of law, formally arbitrate the wrongdoing of slaughter in accordance with the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG) (Quigley, 2013). The demonstration of slaughter in itself contains clashing attributes. This risky quality forestalls a particular meaning of the demonstration. Be that as it may, the UN registers massacre in various attributes: Slaughtering individuals from the gathering Causing genuine real or mental damage to individuals from the gathering Intentionally exacting on the gathering states of life determined to realize its physical devastation in entire or to some degree Forcing measures planned to forestall births inside the gathering Coercively moving offspring of the gathering to another gathering (Un.org, 2016) Authored by Raphael Lemkin, decimation, in a customary way doesn't include any particular definition. Be that as it may, to follow the form of Lemkin himself, annihilation is the obliteration of anethnic gathering. Massacre doesn't really mean the quick pulverization of a country, aside from when achieved by mass killings of all individuals from a country. It is expected rather to connote a planned arrangement of various activities focusing on the decimation of basic establishments of the life of national gatherings, with the point of obliterating the gatherings themselves. The targets of such an arrangement would be crumbling of the political and social organizations, of culture, language, national emotions, religion, and the monetary presence of national gatherings, and the obliteration of the individual security, freedom, wellbeing, poise, and even the lives of the people having a place with such gatherings. (Andreopoulos, 1997). Be that as it may, the demonstration of decimation can't be named uniquely as a demonstration of simple human savagery. The term contains in itself a far more prominent brutality of mental, political and precise point of view. Decimation was never a demonstration of hasty human viciousness in a bigger scope. Slaughters are made, structured or controlled pretty much every time by a more prominent legitimate force. It is to a greater extent an all around thought, orderly propensities intended to practice and guarantee power. The Rwanda destruction on the political situation of Africa is a demonstrated truth. Max Webers perception of Bureaucracy further demonstrates the significance of decimation in the development of organization (the practicing of intensity through control); Weber remarks Bureaucratic organization implies in a general sense mastery through information (Weber, 2013). Accordingly, Genocide turns into an understood instrument in the foundation of domain and force. It is unnecessary to make reference to in this point no state would liable to forfeit such an amazing instrument of them as far as practicing power. A significant explanation for this hesitance can be legitimized by breaking down the primary article of the Genocide show itself that peruses, The Contracting Parties affirm that annihilation, regardless of whether perpetrated in time of harmony or in time of war, is a wrongdoing under worldwide law which they embrace to forestall and to rebuff. (Un.org, 2016). Thusly, marking to the show a nation will take upon itself certain obligations like utilizing the authoritative capacity to rebuff destruction independent of the time (in time of harmony or in time of war). To find the individual or gathering liable for the massacre and capture them, to help out the giving over solicitations if another nation is included, and to send questions between countries to the ICJ, singular criminal cases to a national or worldwide council, or to allude a case to the skillful organs of the United Nations. (Mayers, 2015). In this way formally reported to be a wrongdoing there will be barely any bureaucr atic nations to energetically sanction with the show and to follow the rundown of nations confirmed with the Genocide Convention, nations, known for organization and serious infringement of human rights are a piece of however the rights are not really compelling in the parts. This unmistakably focuses to the way that no bureaucratic state would permit any majority rule power or the mass to ascend into disobedience to their position. Bureaucracy as well as following its own shows can likewise be motivation to hesitance towards the confirmation of the UN Genocide Convention. Dominican Republic is a case of it. The state marked the annihilation show yet is a long way from confirming with the show. The state kept on following the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Human Rights Watch, 2016) reluctant to change the proceeding with show of law. The Chairman didn't concur with the show for the erasure of the sub section of article 2 which as they referenced ought to contain arrangements which could be deciphered so extensively as to jeopardize the opportunity of the press and to build the strain between the states (Quigley, 2013). In addition, the state didn't affirm the show of annihilation. As indicated by the Chairman Mr. Messina the type of the wrongdoing ought to be rebuffed following the national l

Bubbles And The Reasons Why They Always Occurs - 1375 Words

Definition Of Bubbles And The Reasons Why They Always Occurs (Coursework Sample) Content: Name:Institution:Course:Date:Marketing BubblesQuestions 1 Definition of Bubbles and the reasons why they always occurs.A marketing bubble or economic bubble refers to an investment scenario where investors put pressure on demand for goods and services in the economy leading to rising in the price of the goods beyond their shadow prices or rational reflection of their real worth. Marketing bubble dates back to a sixteenth century, and Economist has termed it as the most reoccurring monetary phenomenon. Economic bubbles keep occurring since investors place more hopes on the investment and have the notion that the bubble will never stop, however, the investment and money that was ventured soon vanish in thin away causing economic problems such as poverty, poor standards of living and loss of capital. A bubble crush is a response from the investment bubble when the average prices in the market significantly drop. Investors hurriedly try to leave the market at once by sel ling the shares or the goods at a loss to avoid being caught up in the bubble crash. For example, in 2008, the housing bubble lead to many losses in mortgage and capital when Americans house prices decreased rapidly and become cheap which caused losses to investors who had borrowed money from banks crippling both financial institutions and mortgage owners(Brunnermeier 80). Besides, the panic selling during an economic bubble is followed by a depression that affects the whole economy and other dependent nations.Many investors never learn the lessons from past financial bubbles since all bubbles are similar and investors are motivated by readily available liquidity that causes bubbles. The availability of cash helps investors venture into the profitable market, and they dont realize the high pressure on demand for goods and services until the prices are high and everyone is demanding the good in the market. The sweet deal makes investors forget about the financial crash, and they all concentrate in the venture leading to excess demand of the product which later falls leading to losses and economic problems. Investors failed to learn from the dot-com bubble crash in the 1990s when the commercial internet venture raised the demand for internet business leading to delusive commercial schemes. The need to take advantage of internet commerce such as online marketing resulted in many investors acquiring funds o venture in the firm putting pressure on the market. The main reason why bubble occurs is delusive financial schemes and the greed to make quick money from speculative investments.2. Reasons why crashes and leads to financial crisis bubbleEconomic bubbles are situations when a small mistake leads to prices come crashing down. In most cases, bubble crash due to investors ignorance on market demand and supply while concentrating on other works and overconfident to learn from experience. Bubbles crash due to excess demand for a product or service triggering the market on the downside and leading to falling in supply and financial crises. According to Holt (119), trading is not a pure science rather it is a social science, and anyone can affect the market leading to bubble crash. However, bubble alone is not enough to cause the financial crisis, rather the combination of investment bubbles and leverage leads to depression. Using the dot-com bubble as an example, the borrowing of funds from banks to venture in the commercial internet with the aim of earning a higher return at high risk causes the financial crisis.Moreover, similar to the 2008 housing crisis and 1987 stock market crisis, the act of acquiring liquidity to venture into risky but profitable ventures leads to bubble crash and depression. Banks avails loans and funds quickly and charges higher interest, on the other hand, investors uses the credit to demand a profitable venture into the market and are overconfident that the profits will be high. However, a small prick causes the p rices to crumble down and leads to economic crisis. Besides, fear is also significant compared to greed by investors, the fear of prices changes in the market leads to investors thinking irrational causing a disturbance in the market and create a bubble burst.3. Housing Bubble and Financial Crisis of 2008In the United States, the great moderation period conceded with the housing boom. Many Americans viewed their homes as piggy banks and use it to acquire loans and leverage for other ventures. The prices of houses in the west coast increased leading to a promising investment in the real estate. The aftermath of the financial crisis in the 2000s, the government enacted a policy that lowered the interest rates for an extended period (Brunnermeier 87). Therefore, many investors borrowed an enormous amount of money to venture on speculative projects that could lead to high returns at high risk. Investors and real estate brokers invested in mortgages and real estate started mushrooming all over the American states. This lead to increase in mortgage prices and high liquidity in the market. However, as many people demanded real estates, the fear of prices falling came and many people loss their money, banks went bankrupt, and the economy dipped into depression. Leverage was the primary cause of the 2008 housing bubble and the greed to earn high returns from the real estate market. In addition, investors failed to diversify their operations and placed all their money on one basket of real properties.4. Reasons why traditional economist was unable to explain bubbles and financial crisisAfter the housing crisis in 2008, many economists widespread share blames for failing to predict the impeding dangers of bubble burst and the resulting financial crisis. Many economists lamented on the biases of the free market economy where its hard to predict the demand and supply of goods and services in the economy. However, most traditional economists confesses to failure of fo reseen the damages of the housing bubble on the economy. Besides, according to Kotz (310), classic bankers biggest failures was a failure of predicting the recession and other significant events. The techniques and mathematical models employed by banks and monetary policies are simple and cannot predict any major events. Moreover, traditional economists argue that it is hard to predict economic events since it is based on ideology and not science. It&rs...

The Ethics Of The Corporation - 1518 Words

takes into account both equipment and labor. The tax credit amounts to a 30% credit for solar, fuel cells, small wind and various other PTC-eligible technologies, and a 10% credit for geothermal, micro-turbines, and Combined Heat and Power (CHP). Unlike the PTC, the ITC has a time commitment of only five years, and the tax credit is realized the same year the project begins operation. Ownership transfers are permitted, but if a project owner sells its assets before the end of the five-year period, the Internal Revenue Code allows the government to recapture the unvested portion of the credit. Thus, for example, if the project owner sells his interest to another party after three years, the project owner will need to pay back 40% of the investment tax credit it received when the project began operation. There are several benefits that have made the ITC desirable for investors. Most notably, investors are not exposed to the risks of decreased demand or production obstacles, since s elling electricity is not a requirement of the ITC. Moreover, the ITC reduces the depreciable basis of the project owner’s property and presents more incentive options for investors. Also, unlike the PTC and the Section 1603 cash grant, the ITC remains in effect until December 2016. However, if the PTC gets renewed, project owners may only take advantage of either one tax credit. Thus, if a project owner wants the ITC, he or she forgoes the benefits of the PTC. THE SECTION 1603 CASH GRANTShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of The Enron Corporation1908 Words   |  8 Pages October 2, 2015, news broke that Enron Field was still the legal name of Minute Maid Park in the Texas comptroller’s office. Even after a 15 year period of change here in Houston, Texas, there are still small remembrance that the Enron Corporation was a large part of the Houston culture. 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Islam Is The Second Largest Religion - 2376 Words

Islam Islam is the second largest religion in the world after Christianity with over 1.6 billion followers worldwide. Along with Christianity and Judaism, Islam is one of the three Abrahamic Religions. Although Islam is faced with a formidable criticism in the world today, according to a Pew Research study, it is expected to surpass Christianity and become the world’s largest religion within this century; even as soon as the year 2050 (Hackett). Despite the staggering numbers of Muslims in the world, it’s almost astounding that most Europeans and North Americans have never met a Muslim (Prothero 25). Therein lies the problem as to why many Westerners see Islam as evil because that’s the image of Islam that has been propagated by the mainstream media of the West. Let’s assume that it’s not the Islamic faith that causes violent individuals and gangs to spread evil, hate, chaos. and disorder in the world, but the terrorists, who falsely hide behind Islam, ar e the ones to blame and they are the uncontrollable savages. If a person is violent, then their Islam, their Christianity, their Buddhism, their Judaism, their Hinduism, their whatever faith is going to be violent. In order to lift this veil of fear and mistrust of Islam and its followers, Muslims, we must understand the teaching of Islam. Beginning of Islam Most, if not all, Muslims would claim that Islam dates back as far as Adam. While technically correct, it wasn’t the Islam Muslims know and practice today. It was withShow MoreRelatedIslam: The Second Largest Religion in the World872 Words   |  3 Pagesmodern day, Islam is the second largest religion in the world only behind Christianity. 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It is quite remarkable that Southwest Asia has been a holy place for all three, and although it causes turmoil it is important to understand the three religions and their customs. Such information may help us not to judge so quickly or perhaps to grow in our knowledge about the world. Hop efully this will help everyone to have a wider view ofRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1052 Words   |  5 PagesAubrey Fletcher 3/9/15 Humanities Professor Michaud 417868 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam There are roughly 4,200 different religions in the world today, among them the largest are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are more similar then one would think. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with 2 billion followers and are called Christians. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. They are called Muslims, which means â€Å"one whoRead MoreDifferent Religions, Different Practices, And One Aim Of Righteousness846 Words   |  4 PagesDifferent Religions, Different Practices, and One Aim of Righteousness For decades there have been many controversial arguments between the religions of Christianity and Islam. Many of the controversies have unfortunately resulted in hate crimes, discrimination and segregation. From the difference beliefs both religions practice to the languages they speak to one another, there has always been a conflict between both religions. What I question myself everyday about this controversy is: Why? WhyRead MoreCritical Thinking : Islam Worldview / Christian Worldview 21086 Words   |  5 PagesCRITICAL THINKING: ISLAM WORLDVIEW/CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW 2 The Question of Origin Islam Worldview The beginning of life according to Islam was facilitated by the prophet Muhammad. But, Islam began long before Muhammad. Muhammad dictated to the Quran, which is the holy book of Islam. The followers of the Islam religion call themselves Muslims. â€Å"There is approximately 1.8 billion people that follow the Islam religion. It is the second largest religion in the world† (Lipka, 2017). Followers

Employee Turnover in Egypt free essay sample

The measures for analysis are the factors affecting this phenomenon (company image, the pay satisfaction, nature of work, nature of peer group, peer self-comparison, internal career/growth opportunity, outside career opportunity, the degree of match between what was expected and what was achieved in the present job) and its impact on the performance of organizations. It was found that Labor Turnover affects negatively the performance of organizations and the most important factors affecting turnover are; internal career/growth opportunity, the pay satisfaction, outside career opportunity and the degree of match between what was expected and what was achieved in the present job. Introduction Labor turnover is a term that is widely used by many human resource practitioners. The term â€Å"turnover† is defined by Price (1977) as: â€Å"The ratio of the employees of organization who left in a particular period of time with the average number of employees in that organization during the same period of time†. According to Currivan (1999), â€Å"Turnover is a behavior which describes the process of leaving or replacing employees in an organization†. to the comment given by Becker (1999) that the most common cause of employees leaving their jobs is inability of the employees to match their skills against the skills demanded by the job. According to Kevin et al (2004), although there is no standard framework for understanding employee’s turnover Processes as whole, a wide range of factors have been found useful in interpreting employee turnover. Turnover has considerable impact on an organization performance as it should be properly addressed and measured. In a survey conducted by Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) in 2005, different responses towards turnover were revealed as follows: 52 % of the respondents felt that labor turnover had a minor negative effect on organizational performance. 21 % stated that there was no effect. 17 % stated that a serious negative effect. And 9 % that there was a positive effect. Past researches concluded that employee turnover has very negative effect on the operating performance of an organization with the help of theoretical and empirical analysis and this is due to interruption of daily organizational routines (Dalton and Todor 1979, Bluedorn 1982). On the other hand, many other researchers found that organization gets benefit due to fresh blood and innovative thinking and also increases the motivational level of employees that bring to a new job (Abelson and Baysinger 1984, Mowday et al. 1982). Fahad Abdali. (2011), Most turnover research has been carried out in the United States and is predominantly quantitative theory testing using cross-sectional designs. It is dominated by studies in the psychological tradition that place turnover as a dependent variable and explore its antecedents in private sector contexts. There is much less work on turnover as an independent variable and hence its relationship to organizational performance and there is relatively little research on turnover in the Gulf region where there are big social, cultural and labour market differences in relation to the West. STEPHEN SWAILES SALEH AL FAHDI. (2010)) The reason that why, this research topic was selected because in our environment most of the workers are not satisfied with their jobs and most of them are quiet their jobs when they find relatively better job than that one. The reason is not that they are not competent but there are few factors the effect the commitment and satisfaction of the employee towards their j ob, some are employee workload, work stress, salary, job satisfaction, and work to family conflict. Muhammad Naeem Tariq. (2013) Problem identification The reason that why, this research topic was selected because in our country many of workers are not satisfied with their current job and there was observed high rate for Labor Turnover especially in private sector where this study takes place. Research objectives †¢ Identifying the relation between labor turnover and organization performance in the Egyptian private sector. †¢ Finding solutions for labor turnover problem. Literature review Muhammad Naeem Tariq. (2013), suggested that job satisfaction and affective commitment as the basic variables with turnover intentions. He further argues that no support was found in the results for continuance dedication as a variable with turnover intentions. The results also concluded that significant positive correlations were found for the distal variables workload, work stress, employee salary, job satisfaction, and work to family conflict. Also suggested that the first, quitting is a salient, major life event, and people remember the details surrounding such events relatively easily. Second, quitting tends to be associated with affective arousal, be it negative or positive; such events are more easily remembered than those with little accompanying affective arousal. Moreover, people often remember such events better after a long rather than a short period of time. Also, time since quitting was unrelated to decision type; lessening the chance that memory decay had an effect on the findings. They further analyze that it is fair to say that lecturers will put in their best when the work environment is conducive; when there are good welfare packages like good houses, adequate health and medical insurance, training and development opportunities and other relevant fringe benefits. In the absence of these, it can only be expected that frustration and eventually quits will result. Given their role in society, there is a strong case to pay special attention to university academics while not constituting them into a special class. However, it is important to further explore opportunities to provide more incentives to enable lecturers maximize their role in the development process. In doing this, we have also shown that economic incentives on their own do not provide sufficient motivation for university teachers. Another possibility is that the relationships discovered could be partially due to employee schemata or implicit theories of turnover. However, if such schemata reflect reality or are widely held by employees, they may not threaten the validity of our findings. Also defines that the top management change or employee turnover is to be any change in the set of individuals holding the title of chief executive officer (CEO), president or chairman of the board. His major hypothesis is that the probability of a top management change is inversely related to performance of an organization. Using a random sample of listed firms, He tested the hypothesis with a prediction procedure to exploit information on firms that do not experience a management change. At last he found that change in top management inversely related to the efficiency of the organization. And reported that the rate at which staff change jobs has posed a serious problem for employers in the private and public sectors. Since, staff employee turnover generally breaks the stability, consistency and continuity of work, makes long-term planning more difficult, it leads to shortages of staff which in turn can raise the workloads of other employees, and raises the costs of recruiting and training staff. They further analyze that it is fair to say that lecturers will put in their best when the work environment is conducive; when there are good welfare packages like good houses, adequate health and medical insurance, training and development opportunities and other relevant fringe benefits. In the absence of these, it can only be expected that frustration and eventually quits will result. Given their role in society, there is a strong case to pay special attention to university academics while not constituting them into a special class. However, it is important to further explore opportunities to provide more incentives to enable lecturers maximize their role in the development process. In doing this, we have also shown that economic incentives on their own do not provide sufficient motivation for university teachers. Boondarig Ronra (2008), defines job satisfaction as â€Å"a collection of feelings that an individual holds towards his or her job. † In summary, job satisfaction is a collection of positive feelings or an emotional state that a person perceives based on a variety of aspects of the work itself or work environment. Job satisfaction is correlated to life satisfaction which means that people who satisfied with life will tend to be satisfied with the job and people who are satisfied with their job will tend to be satisfied with their life. Ellen S. Kehoe. (2009) , People are important component of any organization. Successful organizations strive to maintain a low level of employee turnover because of its associated organizational impacts and costs. Thomas Korankye. (2012), that it cost twice the employer to get a new employee than to retain an existing employee. Most of these costs can be attributed to mistakes, errors and poor service the newly recruited employee will provide to customers whilst learning on the job. Ellen S. Kehoe. (2009) ,All organizations need to focus on attracting potential employees who will become productive members of the organization. Thomas Korankye. (2012), employees are seen as major contributors to organizations competitive advantage and as such for the competitive advantage to be maintained, labour turnover should be discouraged by management. Whilst their literature points to the fact that labour turnover can have a negative impact on organization’s performance, it is not everyone who will abide by that idea and as such part of the literature will examine what causes employee turnover and the impact it has on organizations. The banking industry in any economy is considered as crucial and as such poor performance of the industry can have a diverse effect on the economy as a whole. Organization with strong communication systems enjoyed lower turnover of staff. This is based on the idea that employees feel comfortable to stay longer in positions where they are involved in some level of the decision-making process. That is employees should fully understand about issues that affect their working atmosphere. Apart from non-involvement in decision making. Boondarig Ronra (2008), the way of measuring employee turnover is to measure the number of leavers in a particular period as a percentage of the number of total employees during the same period. The organization will usually calculate employee turnover rate on a quarterly or annual basis. Turnover rate is sometimes called the separation rate, and it is revealed as below: (Number of leavers\ Average no. working) x 100 = Separation rate This formula will present a percentage rate of employee turnover for the organization, and can also be used for a comparative relation over the time. This method too can be used as the indicator to compare particular organization to the industry’s average turnover rate. This is known as benchmarking. Fahad Abdali. (2011),Employee turnover may be classified into five categories a) Functional Vs Dysfunctional Turnover: Functional turnover can be defined as â€Å"A turnover in which poor performers leave† while Dysfunctional turnover can be defined as â€Å"A turnover in which good performers leave† b) Avoidable Vs. Unavoidable Turnover: A turnover that happens in avoidable circumstances is called ‘Avoidable Turnover’, where as â€Å"A turnover that happens in unavoidable circumstances is called ‘Unavoidable Turnover’ c) Voluntary v/s Involuntary Turnover: Voluntary turnover can be defined as â€Å"The turnover in which employee has own choice to quit or instances of turnover initiated at the choice of employees† where involuntary turnover can be defined as â€Å"The turnover in which employees have no choice in their termination e. g. sickness, death, moving abroad or employer’s initiated termination†. d) Internal Vs External Turnover: Turnover can be classified as ‘internal turnover’ or ‘external turnover’. Internal turnover happens when employees send-off their current position and getting a new position within the same organization. It is related with the internal recruitment where organizations filling the vacant position by their employee or recruiting within the organization. e) Skilled Vs Unskilled Turnover Untrained, uneducated and unskilled positions often face high turnover rate. Without the organization or business incurring any loss of performance, employees can generally be replaced. On the other hand skilled and educated positions may create a risk to the organization while leaving. Therefore turnover for skilled and educated professionals incur replacement costs as well as competitive disadvantage of the business. Research Hypotheses Main Hypothesis: H0: The labor turnover positively affects the performance of the organization. H1: The labor turnover negatively affects the performance of the organization. Other hypotheses: H1: pay satisfaction influence labor turnover intentions negatively. H2: internal career/growth opportunity provided by organization influence labor turnover negatively. H3: outside career opportunity influence labor turnover intentions negatively. H4: The degree of match between what was expected and what was achieved in the present job positively influence labor turnover intentions.

Network Management Essays - Network Management,

Network Management Imagine yourself as a network administrator, responsible for a 2000 user network. This network reaches from California to New York, and some branches over seas. In this situation, anything can, and usually does go wrong, but it would be your job as a system administrator to resolve the problem with it arises as quickly as possible. The last thing you would want is for your boss to call you up, asking why you haven't done anything to fix the 2 major systems that have been down for several hours. How do you explain to him that you didn't even know about it? Would you even want to tell him that? So now, picture yourself in the same situation, only this time, you were using a network monitoring program. Sitting in front of a large screen displaying a map of the world, leaning back gently in your chair. A gentle warning tone sounds, and looking at your display, you see that California is now glowing a soft red in color, in place of the green glow just moments before. You select the state of California, and it zooms in for a closer look. You see a network diagram overview of all the computers your company has within California. Two systems are flashing, with an X on top of them indicating that they are experiencing problems. Tagging the two systems, you press enter, and with a flash, the screen displays all the statitics of the two systems, including anything they might have in common causing the problem. Seeing that both systems are linked to the same card of a network switch, you pick up the phone and give that branch office a call, notifying them not only that they have a problem, but how to fix it as well. Early in the days of computers, a central computer (called a mainframe) was connected to a bunch of dumb terminals using a standard copper wire. Not much thought was put into how this was done because there was only one way to do it: they were either connected, or they weren't. Figure 1 shows a diagram of these early systems. If something went wrong with this type of system, it was fairly easy to troubleshoot, the blame almost always fell on the mainframe system. Shortly after the introduction of Personal Computers (PC), came Local Area Networks (LANS), forever changing the way in which we look at networked systems. LANS originally consisted of just PC's connected into groups of computers, but soon after, there came a need to connect those individual LANS together forming what is known as a Wide Area Network, or WAN, the result was a complex connection of computers joined together using various types of interfaces and protocols. Figure 2 shows a modern day WAN. Last year, a survey of Fortune 500 companies showed that 15% of their total computer budget, 1.6 Million dollars, was spent on network management (Rose, 115). Because of this, much attention has focused on two families of network management protocols: The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), which comes from a de facto standards based background of TCP/IP communication, and the Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP), which derives from a de jure standards-based background associated with the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) (Fisher, 183). In this report I will cover advantages and disadvantages of both Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)., as well as discuss a new protocol for the future. I will also give some good reasons supporting why I believe that SNMP is a protocol that all network administrators should use. SNMP is a protocol that enables a management station to configure, monitor, and receive trap (alarm) messages from network devices. (Feit, 12). It is formally specified in a series of related Request for Comment (RFC) documents, listed here. RFC 1089 - SNMP over Ethernet RFC 1140 - IAB Official Protocol Standards RFC 1147 - Tools for Monitoring and Debugging TCP/IP Internets and Interconnected Devices [superceded by RFC 1470] RFC 1155 - Structure and Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP based internets. RFC 1156 - Management Information Base Network Management of TCP/IP based internets RFC 1157 - A Simple Network Management Protocol RFC 1158 - Management Information Base Network Management of TCP/IP based internets: MIB-II RFC 1161 - SNMP over OSI RFC 1212 - Concise MIB Definitions RFC 1213 - Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets: MIB-II RFC 1215 - A Convention for Defining Traps for use with the SNMP RFC 1298 - SNMP over

Fate vs. Freewill Essays

Fate vs. Freewill Essays Fate vs. Freewill Paper Fate vs. Freewill Paper Numerous people use fate as a cover-up in order to take less responsibility over their life. Many people believe that fate controls their every move and decision, and that even the choices they make are not really their own. Man’s Search for Meaning is a memoir written by Viktor Frankl in which fate vs. freewill plays a large part of Frankl’s story. Frankl is imprisoned in a concentration camp during the Second World War. He struggles to find inner peace as his journey progresses and his life unfolds. In The Bell Jar, a novel written by Sylvia Plath, Esther Greenwood is a girl searching to find her place in the world. As she falls into depression, she loses her power of freewill and slowly recedes into herself. Her mind becomes her prison as her will to live disintegrates. In both stories, the characters face indecision and inner struggles. They seesaw between the right to choose through freewill and letting fate take its course. In Man’s Search for Meaning, Viktor Frankl holds fate as his master. With nothing left to lose and nothing within his reach, he has no other choice but to let fate run its race. He says, â€Å"Fate was one’s master, and that one must not try to influence it in any way but instead let it take its own course. (Frankl 77) By this he’s saying that there was nothing you could do to change your future and that you shouldn’t try to, either. By letting fate guide him, his life is ultimately saved. This happens when he is deported to another concentration camp where he is predicted to be gassed. He could’ve stayed if he tried hard enough, but in stead he relied on his intuition and inner guiding force. As it turns out, the camp was not a crematorium. However, he finds out that after he left the previous camp, cannibalism had sparked into existence. He says, â€Å"Cannibalism had broken out and I had left just in time. (Frankl 76) If he had stayed in the other work camp, he might have been influenced by this immoral act or injured. The Bell Jar holds a story based more on free will. Esther Greenwood is trapped in the painful and challenging coming-of-age period. She has every opportunity in the world to follow her dreams and go far. However, she falls into the throws of depression, and the mental illness complicates her passage through this period even more. She says, â€Å"I saw my life branching out before me like the green fig tree in the story. From the tip of every branch, like a fat purple fig, a wonderful future beckoned and winked†¦. : I saw myself sitting in the crotch of this fig tree, starving to death, just because I couldn’t make up my mind which of the figs I would choose. I wanted each and every one of them, but choosing one meant losing all the rest, and as I sat there, unable to decide, the figs began to wrinkle and go black, and, one by one, they plopped to the ground at my feet. † (Plath 62-63) Esther’s indecision holds her captive, and she begins to lose the desire to choose altogether. Her depression begins to blanket her completely, until neither fate nor freewill can save her. Indecision acts like a vice holding one’s head in a constricting grip. The inability to choose where to go next can be painful and is often confusing. In Man’s Search for Meaning, Viktor Frankl is not a slave to vacillation. In trudging through life, he acts on his first instinct, his inner guiding force: fate. However, at times, a life changing decision is not made easily. When deciding whether or not to try and attempt an escape from the concentration camp, Frankl is thrown into a battle of fate vs. freewill. He does not know what will happen if he stays in the camp and let’s fate take its course; but if he runs away, he knows he can hope for freedom. In a desperate act of freewill, he decides on the latter. He doesn’t get very far in his attempt, but his actions show his confusion within the battle of fate vs. freewill. Esther Greenwood in The Bell Jar also shows a deep misunderstanding of her life. She wishes for all that she cannot have, and it drives her mad. She says, If neurotic is wanting two mutually exclusive things at one and the same time, then Im neurotic as hell. Ill be flying back and forth between one mutually exclusive thing and another for the rest of my days. (Plath 76) In this quote she’s saying that it is impossible for her to set her mind on just one thing. This shows how her actions are guided by freewill and not fate, as she cannot follow any instincts or premonitions. There are those who say that one creates his fate, and others who say that it is fate that creates us. As for the truth; it lies buried in the struggles of the mind, in indecision, and in the ability to firmly say yes or no. Both Man’s Search for Meaning and The Bell Jar show the struggle of the will of man against instinct and a higher guiding power. It is generally the first instinct that guides people onward in their lives. But how many times does one regret making a decision they should not have? How many times does one regret not making a decision they should have? If instinct ties directly to fate, then it is safe to say that fate is not an indestructible guiding force. Relying solely on fate alone will bind the mind, and limit the spirit. A person will make mistakes no matter what they believe, and it is important to understand the value of choice and consequence.

Movie Boiler Room Legal Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Movie Boiler Room Legal Perspective - Essay Example him shares on Farrow Tech offering information that the company has a revolutionary new drug that will soon be approved by the Food and Drug Administration. On the promise of high returns, he lures the buyer by initially selling a minimum amount on the basis of testing the waters. Then, when the stocks have had a minimal percentage gain, Harry would fall at ease with Seth as his broker. However, when the stocks dropped, Harry wanted to pull out his money but Seth reels him back in by declaring he has information that the drug will actually soon be approved. He pushes it further claiming there is another product to hit the market and eventually was successful in attaining a $50,000 dollar investment from Harry. The latter had consequently invested his family’s entire savings (Younger, Boiler Room). These actions constitute fraud in the inducement contrary to law. The elements of this kind of fraud are: â€Å"1. a false representation; 2. of a fact; 3. that is material and; 4. made with knowledge of its falsity and the intention to deceive (scienter); and 5. which representation is justifiably relied on† (Mann and Roberts 211). More specifically, it is fraud through false representations. Since ordinarily, nondisclosure in sales does not constitute an actionable offense, the misrepresentation must have the following requisites: â€Å"(1) a person fails to disclose a fact known to him; (2) he knows that the disclosure of that fact would correct a mistake of the other party as to a basic assumption on which that party is making the contract; and (3) nondisclosure of the fact amounts to a failure to act in good faith and in accordance with reasonable standards of fair dealing† (Mann and Roberts 211-212). There is material false representation in the movie since all the information Seth told Harry were not based on any factual assertion but were just fabrications made by JT Marlin . Based on these representations, people bought the shares he offered. In fact, despite

Marketing and Social Networking Web Sites Essay

Marketing and Social Networking Web Sites - Essay Example It's a straightforward concept that assists build integrity when you are able to put a face to the messenger. Social networking sites like Facebook and MySpace have turned out to be the party lines in this 21st century. They are attractive and fascinating and a powerful tool for communication between people. Learning the way to use them intelligently for marketing can add to any businesses profile. Social networking Web sites provides an important media channel for broadcasting to a diverse demographic, ranging from teens and young to adults, women, moms, prosperous consumers, to elder individuals. In fact experts suppose U.S. ad expenditure on social networks to rise by about 200% by 2011. Consumers react less to conventional media and advertising, and are changing towards consumer-to-consumer communication including mobile messaging, blogging, word-of mouth marketing, similarity shopping sites, and peer-to-peer networks. Study shows that 80% of consumers belief in the advice from online friends, representing thrice as much trust compared to through traditional media. Additionally, one of every three users of the internet visits Web sites comprising of user-generated stuff to aid make purchase choices (Ward, 2007, 3). There are several companies, including P&G, Morgan Chase, Toyota, Unilever and JP Burger King that have successfully leveraged their marketing communications through social networking Web sites to accomplish different marketing strategies. These social sites permit people to communicate freely on anything. However, most significantly allow people to share knowledge that might be helpful to both parties. Numerous common things shared via these sites are fashionable recipes, sites to visit, trustworthy mechanics in their area, superlative place to acquire a steak and still great areas to go fishing. A number of the most well known and established Networking sites comprise of MySpace, SlingAd Videos, Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter. Social Media on the internet is a vast untapped source of leads, projections and partners to business and the good news with this is they are FREE. Thus, in order to take advantage of the social media madness, businesses have to recognize how precisely to monetize this critical untapped resource of prospective business partners. Numerous Online business proprietors have learned the way to establish a Blueprint of themselves over the internet with the rationale of presenting to their consumer that they have used up the time perhaps writing articles, redistribution videos and presenting photos of themselves and their relatives in order for this new consumers not to be intimidated when they contact them through either email or calls. This enables the consumers to easily be capable of

Globalisation and Religion Essay Example for Free

Globalisation and Religion Essay Secularisation theory has argued that modernisation has undermined religion. The importance of science and technology on economic development and rational worldview on which they depend on are seen as destroying the belief in supernatural. However religion can contribute to development, but most recently sociologists have examined what role religion may play in development in today’s globalising world. This can be seen in India. Globalisation has brought rapid economic growth and has seen India become a more important player in the world political stage. It has brought prosperity to some, notably the Indian middle class. Nanda shows that 85% of India is Hindu and this is where globalisation has taken place. Globalisation has created a huge and prosperous, scientifically educated middle class working in IT, pharmaceuticals, etc. These are who secularisation theorists say will be the first to abandon religion. However Nanda sees a vast majority of this class continue to believe in the supernatural. A study of developing societies in 2007 shows that Indians are more religious and only 5% claim their religion has declined in the past five years. It also found that urban areas are more religious that rural areas. Nanda goes as far to say that it is becoming fashionable to be seen as religious. She examines what motivates this. Nanda rejects poverty and existential insecurity as a reason for their belief because they are not poor. She also rejects the idea that their religiosity is a defence mechanism to modernisation and westernisation. She argues that their religiosity is to do with their ambivalence to their new found wealth. This has helped to see the relationship between globalisation and religion, as Nanda points out that globalisation has increased the religiosity in India. She also examines the role of Hinduism in legitimating a triumphalist version of Indian nationalism. From a survey it found that 93% of Indians believe they have a superior culture to others. Nanda notes that the Indians’ success in the global market have attributed to Hindu values. These are constantly promoted by media and politicians. Ultra nationalism, worshiping Hindu gods and India itself has become a civil religion. In recent years the East Asia tiger economies such as Korea and Singapore are now becoming industrialised. Also China has become a major global power. Sociologists argue that this success is because of religion acting similar to Calvinism. Redding sees their post Confucian values as encouraging, similar to the protestant work ethic. Similarly Berger argues that Pentecostalism in Latin America acts as a functional equivalent to Weber’s protestant ethic. He says that they embrace the work ethic and lifestyle of Calvinists aspect of life which in result its members continue to prosper. However Berger underlines Weber’s point that religious ideas alone are not enough to produce economic development. He says that natural resources are also needed. For example while Protestantism has grown in northern Brazil, the religion lacks resources and remains backwards. By contrast, the south, which is developing rapidly, has both a work ethic derived from Pentecostalism and the necessary resources. Christianity has also become globalised. Lehmann says that it has done this by accompanying globalisations, imposed my indigenous population and in the past 100 years it has spread because of its popular following. The symbols and imagery from local cultures attributes to their success. They attack cults and perform exorcism, and accept and validate beliefs. This has contributed to the relationship between globalisation and religion as it shows that religion has helped countries to develop and using the idea of protestant ethic in Latin America gives a valid explanation as to why they have grown. A further link between globalisation and religion is explained through fundamentalism. Fundamentalism has a response to globalisation and related trends. Giddens’ describes fundamentalists as traditionalists. He sees that this is a relatively new term and sees its growth, as a production of and reaction to globalisation. He claims that it has undermined traditional norms and values. They say that religion offers certainty to a now uncertain world due to the choice which people have. A contrasting view to this however is Beckford. He criticises fundamentalists for ignoring other important developments, including how globalisations also affects non fundamentalist religions such as Catholicism. Giddens’ groups all types of fundamentalism together, ignoring any differences between them. Jeff Haynes argues that we should not focus narrowly on the idea that Islamic fundamentalism is a reaction against globalisation. For example in the Middle East, conflicts caused by the failure of local elites to deliver on their promises to improve the standard of living are often the fuel that drives fundamentalism. This evidence argues that globalisation has undermined traditional religious beliefs. Religion has also created a cultural defence whereby religion serves to unite communities against external threat. In this situation religion has a special significance for its followers because it symbolises the group or societies collective identity. There are two examples of this from the late 20th century and those are Poland and Iran. It has created war and terror such as the war in Iraq. Therefore the effect of globalisation on religion is a ‘clash of civilisations.’ Huntingtons’ view is that religious defences are creating a new set of hostile ‘us and them’ situation as there is an increase in competition against cavitations for economic and military power. An example of this is the 9/11. Although there are some critics such as Jackson who believe it is a western ideology that stereotypes nations. Also Armstrong argues hostility towards the west does not stem from fundamentalist Islam but to western foreign policy in the Middle East. This shows that’s due to globalisation is has increased religiosity but has created friction between countries. This has had a negative effect in the world. Overall globalisation has brought rapid economic growth and has seen India become a more important player on the world political stage. It has also increased Indians religiosity which is shown in Nandas’ argument which she also says this relationship is because of the optimism about the opportunities globalisations will bring and the result of the ambivalence to their new found wealth. But also like Huntington says, both religion and globalisation has created a ‘clash of civilisations’ and created both war and terror. In conclusion this relationship between globalisations in religion is good as it has helped countries such as India in the economy and has increased their religiosity. However it could also be argued that it has created friction between religions and in result has had a negative impact on the world.

Good Advice :: Psychology Advising Essays

Good Advice Good advice has a different meaning for everyone. For me, good advice must be given by someone I trust. They need to be honest and sincere in what they tell me. They must lay the facts down in front of me and tell me what they would do in my situation. In the end the adviser must let me decide to use their advice. If it is good advice what they told me will change my view or action for the better. As I looked back to the notes I had, I made the observation that good advice involves people we trust. Sometimes the people we trust and turn to advice for is our friends. Take for example that, Luke, John, Mike, Cale, Joe, Kristi, and myself choose to use our friends to illustrate good advice. They seem to tell you the truth no matter how it will make you feel because they love you. Others choose their parents. Nate, Jeanne, Rebecca, had their mothers being the advisor. Chris, Nate Hilson, Douglas, and Andrea had their fathers. It seemed to me that they choose for the most part to have the advice come from the parent of the same gender. Sons had their dads and daughters had their mothers as advisor. Maybe this was so because they could relate more with them and had more of a closeness. Still others in the class illustrated good advice from teachers or counselors. Amanda, Lee, and Jackie Brooks took advice from those. Advice works when it is taken or not taken, but is clearly the right way to go. Advice that works doesn’t have to be deep or inspirational. Take for example when a mother gives her children the advice to but a jacket on because it is cold outside. It is nothing new, it is just because she is concerned about her children and knows from experience that when it is cold you need a jacket. Also, in my example, the friend that gave me good advice wasn’t being pushy or saying you have to do this or else. She left it up to me. This means for good advice to work that it must be left up to the person to follow. Nobody likes to be told what to do. They resent it when they are and probably won’t go back for advice again. I know I wouldn’t. Advice that doesn’t work is simple, it doesn’t have a good outcome when followed.

Compare and Contrast: Muslim Empires

Between 1450 and 1750, three great Muslim empires arose—the Ottomans, the Safavids, and the Mughals. The Ottomans arose after the Seljuk Turkic kingdom of Rum in Eastern Anatolia collapsed, which occurred because of a Mongol invasion in 1243. The area fell into a chaotic period after that because the Mongols did not directly rule it. In search of riches, Turkic peoples, including the Ottomans who dominated the rest, flooded into the area. By the 1350s, the Ottomans were advancing from their Asia Minor strongholds.Under Mehmed I, they conquered a large part of the Balkans, and, in 1453, they captured Constantinople of the Byzantine Empire under Mehmed II, â€Å"The Conqueror,† thus establishing an empire from the Balkans that included most of the Arab world. Like the Ottomans, the Safavids arose from struggles of rival Turkish tribes. In the fourteenth century, there were decades of fierce struggles, until, finally, after three successive Safavid leaders died, a Sufi com mander named Isma’il survived. He and his followers conquered the city of Tabriz in 1501, as well as most of Persia in the next decade.They then drove the Ozbegs, neighboring nomadic Turks, back to Central Asia and advanced to Iraq. Lastly, the Mughal Dynasty was founded by Babur, who descended from Turkic warriors. He first led an invasion of India in 1526 and conquered the Indus and Ganges plains. After Babur died of an illness, his son, Humayan, succeeded him and was attacked from enemies of all sides because of Babur’s death. He was expelled from India in 1540, but eventually restored Mughal rule by 1556. Humayan’s son, Akbar, would later succeed him and become the greatest ruler in Mughal history.The Ottomans, Safavids and Mughals constructed significant empires, but each adopted different ways of treating their conquered people and developed diverse methods for managing social, political, and economic systems. In order to promote the expansion of their emp ire, the Ottomans adopted many practices to include non-Muslims in the military. At first, the Ottomans’ first concern was to collect tribute from their conquered people. This first happened in 1243 when the kingdom of Rum was conquered.However, in the fifteenth century, the Ottoman Empire’s imperial armies became increasingly dominated by infantry divisions made up of troops called Janissaries. Most of these Janissaries had been forcibly recruited as adolescent boys in conquered areas, such as the Balkans, where most of the population was made up of Christians. Sometimes the boys’ parents willingly turned their sons over to the Ottoman recruiters because of the opportunities for advancement that came with service to the Ottoman sultans. And although they were legally slaves, they were well-educated and converted to Islam.Some of them even went on to serve in the palace or bureaucracy, but most became Janissaries. These Janissaries, however, later gained politic al influence. Commerce within the empire was in the hands of Christian and Jewish merchants, who as dhimmis, or â€Å"people of the book,† were under the protection of the Ottoman rulers. The Safavids espoused the Shi’a variant of Islam unlike the Ottomans, who espoused the Sunni variant of Islam. These two variants despised each other, and their hatred showed during the battle of Chaldiran on August 1514 in northwest Persia.However, the Safavids were easily killed because of the Ottomans’ advanced warfare technology. Under Abbas the Great, the Safavid Empire thrived with toleration for captured and conquered people. For example, captured Russian youths were educated and converted, and they formed the backbone of the Safavid’s military forces. They monopolized firearms that had become increasingly prominent in Safavid armies. Also, some Russians were granted provincial governorships and high offices at court. Although the Safavids tolerated the Russians, they were not as kind to the other inhabitants of present-day Iran.For example, Sunni Muslims, Christians, Jews, Zoroastrians, and followers of Sufi preachers, were all pressured into converting to Shi’ism. One of the greatest rulers in all of history was the son and successor of Humayan, Akbar the Great. The Mughals, under Akbar, developed the most enlightened social, political, and economic methods for treating their conquered people. He not only extended the Mughal Empire with conquests throughout north and central India, but also made the Mughal Dynasty sustainable because of his social and administrative policies.He pursued a policy of reconciliation and cooperation with the Hindu princes and overall population of his realm. For example, he encouraged intermarriage between the Mughal aristocracy and families of the Hindu Rajput rulers. In addition, Akbar abolished jizya, which was a head tax on Hindus. He also allowed Hindus to be promoted to high ranks in the government . Further, Akbar ended the longstanding ban on the construction of new Hindu temples, and he ordered Muslims to respect cows because the Hindus viewed them as sacred. He even invented a new faith calledDin-i-Ilahi, which blended elements of the many religions with which he was familiar. He believed that this would unite his Hindu and Muslim subjects, but it failed. Similar to the Ottomans’ collection of tribute, Akbar did leave some areas of his empire alone so long as they swore allegiance to Mughal rulers and paid their taxes on time. However, these areas were only left alone because of a shortage of administrators. The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Dynasties each treated their conquered people and non-Muslims differently through political, economic and social procedures.Akbar the Great and the Mughals had the most enlightened approach on how to treat these people, such as encouraging intermarriage, abolishing the jizya, and ending the ban on the building of new Hindu temple s. This approach ultimately led to greater success for the empire as a whole. In contrast, the practices utilized by the Ottomans and Safavids resulted in more discontent for the conquered people and non-Muslims. Overall, these three empires over a three hundred year span conquered thousands of people and had to develop administrative practices and policies. These methods greatly impacted their success.

Role Of The Medical Insurance Specialist - 1322 Words

The role of the Medical Insurance Specialist is very important to the financial operation of a doctor practice, hospital or other medical facility. A Medical Insurance Specialist collects all the information necessary to prepare insurance claims, enter patient demographics and insurance information, enter ICD codes and CPT billing codes, research, correct and resubmit rejected and denied claims, bill patients and answer patient questions regarding charges. The billing process is actually the process of communication between the insurance specialist, medical provider, patient and the insurance company. This is considered the billing cycle. The billing cycle could takes days to complete or it could take months. The patient demographic†¦show more content†¦Thompson (2015) also stated that the insurance specialists always call to verify secondary insurance information and rejections. The rejections may be due to incorrect modifiers, codes or an incorrect insurance ID numbe r. The third step in the process is the healthcare provider examining the patient and recording the patient symptoms and treatment. This is recorded and the medical coder or billing MEDICAL INSURANCE SPECIALIST COMMUNICATION 3 specialist determine the ICD, CPT or HPCS coding. The coder or biller may have to communicate with the healthcare provider if there are any questions on any of the diagnoses, treatments or duration of the office visit (Dietsch, 2011). Because insurance companies are very strict on correct medical billing and coding, a small mistake can cause the insurance company to deny the claim and will then require the doctor to fix the error and the claim will need to be resubmitted (Cocchi White, n.d.). The fourth step is the charge entry, this is where the bill is created. An account is set up for every patient with the demographics and the account is assigned a number. While talking to B. Mcleod (personal communication, May 26, 2015) it was also stated that one of the key functions for charge